figure elyxer.png eLyXer Math Showcase

Alex Fernández (elyxer@gmail.com)

1 Introduction

This document is intended as a showcase of the mathematical abilities of eLyXer; for more information be sure to visit the main page.
There is a non-Unicode version of this page with midspaces and a Unicode version with mathematical spaces (generated with --unicode), both generated from the same .lyx source file. Mind you, despite the name, spaces are the only difference. Check the one that best suits you.

2 Typography

Math formulae use a lot of different symbols and fonts.

2.1 Greek Symbols

Greek symbols are very important in equations: φ, π, Ξ. eLyXer offers a complete set in both upper case: AΩ and lower case: αω.

2.2 Math Symbols

eLyXer supports the whole set of math symbols in John D. Cook's list: ∃∂∇ ≥ . It can also render a few more:  ∝  × . You also get all symbols from Markus Kuhn's list: ⊙∐.

2.3 Other Symbols

There are other symbols like arrows:  ←  → , or geometrical shapes: , . eLyXer offers limited support for them. You might also want to use financial symbols in formulae: ¥€$.

2.4 Spaces

Equations look good when items are properly separated. The main separation is the Medium Mathematical Space: x = 3. Note: if you are viewing the non-Unicode version math.html of this page then you are in fact seeing midspaces, which are very similar but not exactly the same: 418 em for medium mathematical spaces versus 12 en, where 1 em = 2 en. Try out the Unicode version math-unicode.html — and viceversa. You can check out what version this page is in the page title.

2.5 Spacing

The command \raisebox is useful to, surprisingly, raise a little box.
raisedoverloweredand back.
It can also be used just for spacing.
BV.
There are other spacing commands.

2.6 Fonts

Many fonts are used in equations.
Regular text is shown italicized. Variable: length, α, Speed.
Some font styles can be used in equations. Roman: 1 mathrm. Sans serif: 2 mathsf. Typewriter: 3 mathtt. Bold: 4 mathbf.
Regular text. Normal text: 5 textfm. Literal text: 6 mbox text. Phonetic alphabet: 7abcde.
Units can be shown with or without a magnitude. Withouth: km. With: 57 km. With fractional units: 200 kmh. With a fraction before the units: 32 km, 716 s.

3 Numeration

Equations can be numbered, like .
(1) y = x
And also like .
(2) x = 3
Some equations can be numbered even if they don’t have a label.
(3) x = 2y
Notice that eq. comes after eq. .

4 Simple Structures

Let’s now see a few of the simpler structures that eLyXer can output.

4.1 Fractions

A simple fraction:
12.
Inlined: 23.
A big recursive fraction:
1(1 + (11 + (11 + 2x)))
A nice fraction: 56. A non-diminishing fraction containing alignments:
11 + (11 + x × 11 + x).

4.2 Limits

A limit must appear below the main symbol:
limx → ∞f(x), 
which should appear as x → ∞ in italics, and «lim» in plain style. Note that in HTML the limit does not actually appear below the «lim» but to the right. Inlined: limx → ∞f(x).
Limits are also used in sums:
i = 1x, 
where the sum’s limits should appear below (i = 1) and above () the . Inlined: i = 1x. Also in integrals: i = 1x.

4.3 Roots

A square root: 3. A more complex root in a fraction:
1(1 + 2(11 + 2) + 12).
eLyXer can also do higher-order roots: 3x + y. A devilish case mixing everything we have seen so far:
7884x + i = 1xs + 5(78x + 45y) × Ωsin(x + 1) + 38 km.

5 Complex Structures

In this section we will explore arrays and related constructs.

5.1 Arrays

An inline array [
a b
c dio
]
: is always shown in the same line.
An independent array is shown on its own line:
[
12 2
3 4 × yx
]
Apart from that the appearance should be the same.

5.2 Brackets

Arrays are separated by brackets: (a) [b] {c} d |e|. There are also big brackets: f.

5.3 Cases

Used to switch between several values.
y = 
x i = 0, 
x + 1 i < 3

6 The End

That’s all folks!

Copyright (C) 2009 Alex Fernández (elyxer@gmail.com)